Gelatin Capsules

7Our hard gelatin capsules are GMO free and derive from completely natural bovine sources. Gelatin or “gel” capsules are usually derived from beef or pork along with water and a plasticizing agent such as glycerine to provide durability. Gelatin is an essential component for human consumption and development.

Gelatin (sometimes spelt Gelatine in the UK) is an animal protein which is known as Generally Recognised as Safe (GRAS) in pharmaceutical and food consumption by the majority of international regulatory bodies.

Capsules are a very common method for dosing supplements and pharmaceutical ingredients. Gelatin has been used since the late 19th century to produce empty capsules and is still the most commonly used ingredient for their production to today. It is derived from natural bovine sources. Gelatin therefore does not always suit everyone's dietary needs.

Gelatin Capsules vs. HPMC Capsules vs. Pullulan Capsules

The main difference between Gelatin, HPMC and Pullulan capsules is what ingredient they are derived from.

Below is a comparison table to easily see the difference between the different types of empty capsules that we provide. 

*depending on ingredients used in the capsules. All products must certified by a 3rd party

What Are Soft and Hard Gelatin Capsules?

Gelatin capsules are commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry as containers for drugs. Not only are they easy to manufacture, but they do not require complex formulations to produce unlike some other drug containers.

Soft Gelatin Capsules

Also called softgels, soft gelatin capsules are a case produced from a single piece of gelatin, rather than two halves attached together. They are used for solutions not based on water, as this would dissolve the gelatin, but for oil based solutions. The active ingredients is dissolved in the oil-based solution, and once the capsule is ingested, it dissolves within the body, releasing the drug. The capsule dissolves within minutes of reaching the stomach. The soft gelatin capsule is manufactured and filled using the same machine as part of a single process, and some have the brands or dosage strength printed on then. Gelatin is hygroscopic in nature, and the gels contain between 5-14% water.

Hard Gelatin Capsules

Hard gelatin capsules, unlike the soft form, are made of two parts, the body and the cap, each of a different colour. This form of capsule holds dry ingredients in powder form. The body is first filled with the mix of active ingredients and any excipients used, and then closed with the cap using either a manual or automatic press machine.

Once ingested, the hard capsules disintegrate within three minutes and quickly release the drug inside. Hard gelatin capsules are also hygroscopic and contain a higher water content than the soft capsules at around 12-15%.

Some drugs need to be released at certain points in the body, and therefore the capsule must release the drug at an earlier time. To enable this, the capsule can be filled with target release pellets. As well as powdered ingredients, the gelatin capsules can also be used to cover premade tablets.

Gelatin Capsules

Although gelatin capsules are simple to produce, the gelatin can facilitate growth of bacteria. It is therefore important that gelatin capsules are inspected and analyzed to check for any signs of bacterial growth. Another aspect that must be considered is that gelatin is produced from animal bones and are therefore unsuitable for strict vegetarians. To overcome this, there are vegetarian forms available made from a form of cellulose called hypromellose.

Gelatin capsules vary in size depending on the requirement. They range from between 0.13 mL to 28 mL capacity.

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